The main raw materials for producing para-aramid fiber such as Aramid 1414 include p-phenylenediamine (PDA) and terephthaloyl chloride (TPC), as well as auxiliary solvents and additives. The following raw materials are commonly used in the production of para-aramids and their functions:

1. Core raw materials
   (1) Para-phenylenediamine (PDA, Para-Phenylenediamine)
   Function: Source of amine groups in the molecular chain of aramids.
   Properties:
   White to light yellow solid crystal.
   Easily oxidized and darkens in air.
   Provides rigidity and strength in the aramid molecular structure.
   Source: p-Phenylenediamine is produced by chemical synthesis, usually from petrochemical feedstocks such as aniline.
   (2) Terephthaloyl Chloride (TPC)
   Role: Source of acyl groups in the molecular chain of aramids.
   Properties:
   White to light yellow crystal with irritating odor.
   In the production of aramid, it participates in the polycondensation reaction as a dichloroyl chloride monomer.
   Source: Obtained by chlorination reaction of terephthalic acid (PTA).
2. Solvent
   (1) N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc, Dimethylacetamide)
   Role: Dissolve reactants and provide a medium for polymerization reaction.
   Properties:
   Polar solvent, can stabilize the dispersion of polymer chain.
   High recovery rate, good environmental protection.
   Application: Commonly used in solution polymerization process of aramid.
   (2) N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP, N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone)
   Role: Similar to DMAc, used as solvent.
   Properties:
   Strong polarity, high temperature resistance.
   Toxic, need to pay attention to the safety of operation.
   Application: Used as a solvent substitute in some processes.
3. Catalyst
   Use: Accelerate the reaction rate, improve the polymerization efficiency.
   Common catalysts:
   Boron trifluoride (BF₃) and its complexes.
   Organic acid (such as formic acid, trifluoroacetic acid).
4. Additives
   Antioxidant: Protect raw materials and products from oxidizing effects during the production process.
   Stabilizer: Improve the stability of the system during polymerization reaction and spinning process.
   Antistatic agent: reduce the generation of static electricity in spinning and subsequent processing.
5. Other auxiliary materials
   (1) Neutralizer
   Usage: used to neutralize the residual chloride or acid in the post-treatment stage of the reaction.
   Commonly used neutralizing agents:
   Ammonia (NH₃-H₂O).
   Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃).
   (2) Detergent
   Purpose: To remove reaction by-products such as salts and unreacted monomers.
   Commonly used detergents:
   Deionized water.
   Organic solvents (e.g., ethanol, acetone).
   Treatment of by-products
   By-product salts (e.g. HCl gas or chloride salts dissolved in solvents) are generated during the production process. These by-products need to be treated by appropriate processes (e.g. neutralization, recycling) to reduce environmental pollution.
   Key raw materials in a simplified process
   PDA + TPC → short-chain molecule.
   Solvent → promotes the formation of a solution of long-chain molecules.
   Catalysts and additives → control reaction rate and system stability.
   Raw material sources and cost considerations
   Core raw materials (PDA and TPC): usually chemical derivatives from the petrochemical industry.
   Solvents and additives: recyclable types are selected according to environmental regulations.
   The production cost of para-aramid is mainly determined by the core raw materials (PDA and TPC), whose purity and stability in the supply chain have a direct impact on the performance and final price of the product.